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Tourism is one of the most dynamically developing sectors in Turkish economy
The abundance of unique historical monuments on the territory of Turkey, the Mediterranean beaches of exceptional beauty, favorable climate - all this opens up broad prospects for tourism business.
Every year about 9-10 million visitors from about 80 countries visit the country. The profit to the state treasury from tourism is almost a quarter of the volume of Turkish exports.
Tourism brings the country substantial foreign exchange dividends.
This sector is among a few sectors,which remain in favorable situation under the conditions of overall economic crisis.
The country is rich enough in different types of ore mining and chemical raw materials.
Chromite, mercury, antimony, tungsten deposits of world significance are developed here. There is also uranium, coal, oil.
Turkey can be divided into industrial West, agro-industrial Center and South and the agrarian East.
The economy of Turkey is gradually shifted to the model of export-oriented economy that is actively entering the global market.
The basis is the export of light industry (especially textile and wearing-apparel industry), food industry and agriculture.
Turkey exports textile material, clothing, leather products, wheat, raisins, figs, dried fruits, nuts, tobacco, cotton, mohair, chromic ore.
It also exports liquid fuel, machinery and equipment. Negative trade balance is compensated by remittances of immigrants (several million Turks are working abroad), income from tourism, foreign loans. Turkey's main trading partners are the EU, especially Germany, Arab countries, USA and Japan.
The following industries are developed in Turkey: textile industry, flavoring, metallurgy, chemical industry and mining, petroleum and engineering industry.
Mining industry provides 7.2% of industrial production and construction. In the field, about 72% of production is provided by public enterprises (excluding oil).
The production of ferrous metals are concentrated in three large state-owned steel industry. Steel production is also realized there as well as metal stamping. There is also copper smelting. There are companies of aluminum industry.
Mechanical engineering and electrical engineering received the development primarily through the creation of assembly enterprises. In this area private capital participation is particularly active. Engineering Industries are: manufacturing and production of vehicles, railroad vehicles construction, railway carriages, refrigerators, diesel engines.
Machine-tool industry as manufacturing industry is recently established in the country. Assembling of some models like lathes, milling machines, drilling machines are made under the license of western companies. Refrigeration plants, industrial gas ovens are manufactured at small well equipped enterprises of private firms. The private sector in collaboration with foreign capital produce household appliances - gas stoves, cookers, sewing machines, bicycles, heaters.
Electrical industry is also developed. Industry of electro-isometers, household electrical appliances are realized under license by western companies.
Turkey is an exporter of agricultural products and mining industry. External partners are: Germany, USA, UK, France.
Turkey occupies currently one of the leading places in the production of food and is included to the list of eight countries that provide whole food.
With 28 million hectares of irrigated land and favorable climatic conditions, the country takes the fifth place in the world for growing vegetables and the 9th - for fruit.
Export has also a large part of agricultural production: i. e. cotton, tobacco, hazelnuts, figs, raisins and citrus. Processing industry is also well-developed, its annual growth rate is 25%. The production of tomato paste, fruit juices, canned and frozen fruits and vegetables are developed the most.
Turkey takes the second place in Europe and the third in the world for the production of tomato paste, ketchup and tomato puree (130 thousand tons per year). Turkey - is the world's second exporter of pasta. Recently there is rapid growth of sugar, dairy production and the volume of production of cocoa beans.
In general, Turkey - is a developing country.
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